05.07.13
Modesty = 404 error.
Selected from the personalized junk and pro charlatan advertising provided by Facebook’s Open Graph algorithms.
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The Nebulous Menace: Shoeshine at its best
The Obama administration on Monday explicitly accused China’s military of mounting attacks on American government computer systems and defense contractors, saying one motive could be to map “military capabilities that could be exploited during a crisis.???
While some recent estimates have more than 90 percent of cyberespionage in the United States originating in China, the accusations relayed in the Pentagon’s annual report to Congress on Chinese military capabilities were remarkable in their directness. Until now the administration avoided directly accusing both the Chinese government and the People’s Liberation Army of using cyberweapons against the United States in a deliberate, government-developed strategy to steal intellectual property and gain strategic advantage.
“In 2012, numerous computer systems around the world, including those owned by the U.S. government, continued to be targeted for intrusions, some of which appear to be attributable directly to the Chinese government and military,??? the nearly 100-page report said.
The report, released Monday, described China’s primary goal as stealing industrial technology, but said many intrusions also seemed aimed at obtaining insights into American policy makers’ thinking. It warned that the same information-gathering could easily be used for “building a picture of U.S. network defense networks, logistics, and related military capabilities that could be exploited during a crisis.???
The Pentagon report is here.
Whether or not these Pentagon statements on Chinese cyberespionage are “remarkable in their directness,” as New York Times reporter David Sanger writes, is open to interpretation.
Chinese cyberwar/cyberespionage capabilities comprise somewhat less than two pages in the entire thing. More space is devoted to China’s conventional warfare capabilities and hardware, its ballistic missiles programs, it’s preliminary moves into aircraft carrier aviation through the refurbishment and equipping of the old Varyag — now renamed the Liaoning, its naval modernization and other subjects.
In fact, the Pentagon can say little about Chinese cyberespionage other than it exists and much material, from the US private sector devoted to supporting the US military, is being copied.
What benefit this has been the Pentagon does not know and cannot or will not say. No one knows. It’s impossible to put a finger on the value of it to China, or precisely what losses this country directly suffers. It is an argument that has no meaning for the majority of Americans, something only the top most cares about.
And that’s because they can only be made to care about things they suspect may make them slightly less wealthy.
In terms of what’s actually happening, for example, China has not made any obvious great leap in generating a carrier battlegroup-centered navy.
On the other hand, we certainly do know that the US private sector, our multi-national corporations, are intimately involved in business relations with China.
Indeed, it is safe to say that the strapped American middle class would have next to nothing if all its household consumer electronics and dry goods of Chinese origin were taken away.
If, for example, Chinese cyberwarriors are stealing Apple’s secrets, what does it matter? Is Apple stopping its majority manufacturing through China?
America’s electric guitar and rock amplifier companies make the majority of their mainstream goods in China. If Chinese cyberwarriors have stolen plans from Fender Musical Instruments or many other American companies, so?
The entire American industry of pop music instrumentation manufacturing, excepting custom shop artisan work, was sent to China to increase profit margins and decrease labor costs.
American business ceded its property to the Chinese industrial base for immediate profit in pursuit of the very cheapest unprotected manpower. This was long before Chinese espionage became an issue the national security megaplex decided to exploit for the purpose of parasitic rent-seeking.
Who are you going to find on the street who cares if Chinese cyberwarriors from a building in Shanghai are into American businesses? They’ve already lost their jobs or much of their earning power. And their access to the Internet is a smartphone made in China.
Take a day off from the memes. Corporate America isn’t hiring, haven’t you heard? It’s not because of mass Chinese cyber-spying.
One last figure, furnished to again put Chinese cyberespionage/cyberwar efforts in perspective, as they relate to the American experience …
You can really tell how Chinese cyberespionage/cyberwar is taking away our futures, right?
National cyberdisaster described in less than 120 words: We’ll lose power, then we’ll drown:
U.S. intelligence agencies traced a recent cyber intrusion into a sensitive infrastructure database to the Chinese government or military cyber warriors, according to U.S. officials.
The compromise of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers’ National Inventory of Dams (NID) is raising new concerns that China is preparing to conduct a future cyber attack against the national electrical power grid, including the growing percentage of electricity produced by hydroelectric dams …
The database contains sensitive information on vulnerabilities of every major dam in the United States. There are around 8,100 major dams across waterways in the United States.
The cyberwar menace repeat staff, at Scientific American:
Since this incident there has been a growing realisation that various elements of a critical national infrastructure are similarly vulnerable. They use similar, if not identical, embedded computer systems as were used at Natanz. The initial thought was one of defending the realm against foreign aggressors. After all, it was an obvious way to cripple a country without firing a physical shot. Why launch missiles if you can switch out the lights and turn off the water. It’s cheaper too. So much so that this form of attack has become a great leveller, allowing small nations to potentially punch well above their weight.
The same guy, in the Irish Times:
The North Koreans have been blamed for interrupting websites run in South Korea by banks, newspapers and TV companies in “a show and tell??? warning about what they are capable of during a conflict, warns Sally Leivesley of Newrisk. The South Koreans have taken the warning seriously, upgrading security at their nuclear plants – including disabling every USB port in every computer at the plants lest they be used to breach defences.
States initially used internet hacking for espionage, or intellectual property thefts, but warns Prof Woodward, they are using it for “aggressive??? attacks: “This is the cool war, as some people have put it, not the cold war. Why invest in bombs and bullets when, potentially, in a shooting match you can turn out the lights, turn off the water. Some countries are really punching above their weight. They don’t need a huge nuclear weapons programme.???
Some yob nobody knows at the Huffington Post:
Cyber terrorism. Terrorist groups and states will make use of cyber-war tactics, though government will focus on information-gathering than outright destruction. Stealing trade secrets, accessing classified information, infiltrating government systems, disseminating misinformation — traditional intelligence agency ploys — will make up the bulk of cyber-attacks between states.
Virtual statecraft. States will be wistful for the simpler days of foreign and domestic policy. Power in the physical world is no assurance of power in the digital world. This disparity presents opportunities for small states looking to punch above their weight …
Cyberwar allows small nations to punch above weight — brainless new received wisdom.
Usage: North Korea was really punching above its weight when it quietly took its missile off the launch platform this week turned off all the electricity in Los Angeles County with a secret cyberattack.
From the New York Times, a few weeks ago, on the White House collecting the wealthiest and most infamous CEOs from the companies that have profited immensely in the last three years, to talk about cyberwar:
The difficulty of deterring such [Iranian cyber attacks] was also the focus of a White House meeting this month with Mr. Obama and business leaders, including the chief executives Jamie Dimon of JPMorgan Chase; Brian T. Moynihan of Bank of America; Rex W. Tillerson of Exxon Mobil; Randall L. Stephenson of AT&T and others.
Mr. Obama’s goal was to erode the business community’s intense opposition to federal legislation that would give the government oversight of how companies protect “critical infrastructure,??? like banking systems and energy and cellphone networks. That opposition killed a bill last year, prompting Mr. Obama to sign an executive order promoting increased information-sharing with businesses.
“But I think we heard a new tone at this latest meeting,??? an Obama aide said later. “Six months of unrelenting attacks have changed some views.???
Unrelenting attacks, in this case, meaning making banking websites occasionally run more slowly.
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05.06.13
The Purpose Driven Life
The now infamous Cody Wilson successfully fired a 3D printed plastic pistol one time by hand, without maiming himself. The tech press went wild.
From Forbes, Wilson’s intellectually flimsy rationalization for making what is called the “Liberator:”
“[Cody Wilson] prefers to think of his Liberator in the same terms as its namesake, the one built for distribution to resistance fighters in Nazi-occupied countries in the 1940s. That plan was conceived in part as a psychological operation aimed at lowering the occupying forces’ morale, Wilson says, and he believes his project will strike a similar symbolic blow against governments around the world. ‘The enemy took notice that weapons were being dropped from the sky,’ he says. ‘Our execution will be better. We have the Internet.’ “
The journalist doesn’t even blink.
A claim that one is symbolically and virtually making a plastic gun available to those who wish to rise up against dictatorship worldwide doesn’t hold much water. The expense (at least $8k for what is Wilson’s used 3D printer) makes it so that’s not achievable. The people in such nations tend toward the poverty stricken.
Wilson is also ignorant of history but perhaps this is a sham for publicity purposes.
Anyone even slightly familiar with WWII history knows how the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS dealt with armed resistance, partisans and uprisings, which had much more than plastic guns.
As for current belief in the efficacy of a 3D plastic gun in enabling overthrow, one considers the current case of Syria, or Libya.
It’s Wilson’s career to foster this eyewash because he depends on philanthropic Bitcoin donation from other like-minded, very white, very libertarian, very right-wing nuisances with plenty of disposable income.
We can thank the NYT tech journalist who publicized Wilson to the greatest effect last year, making much of his work much easier to fulfill.
[At] Secrecy Blog, Steve Aftergood has mounted a Congressional Research Service report entitled “The U.S. Income Distribution and Mobility: Trends and International Comparisons.???
“Based on the limited data that are comparable among nations, the U.S. income distribution appears to be among the most unequal of all major industrialized countries … Empirical analyses estimate that the United States is a comparatively immobile society,??? it reads.
Obviously, we have offsetting benefits. Like a geek and supporters who will bring us a “redoubt??? of 3-D plastic gun manufacturing.
Disruptive technology is giving us such innovation, progress and collective and individual empowerment … God bless the USA.
05.03.13
Insufferable Dork Club
Officially eclipses white dudes using iPhones as ersatz harmonicas.
I’m happy to say I haven’t been around anyone like this for more than fifteen minutes in the last five years.
He pulled the insufferable white male tech dork routine in a Paris Mickey D’s and they tossed him in the street, breaking his trinket. And they didn’t care.
Google Glass only less cosmetically annoying by increments.
When will first photo blog of butthurt white guys with their Google Glasses broken show on the net? Wear ’em in the wrong place in southern California or Pasadena.
Yeah, sure, the local police will want to track down your stolen device by its GPS beacon, or review its video to ID who roughed you up for being tech-enhanced nosy.
You’ll never see them at Baja Ranch in Pasadena.
I’ve argued, in different words, that Google is often in the business of catering to the demographic in American society that corresponds to the white male gadget freak/programmer shoeshine army for the 1 percent. And, boy, is this another piece of proof.
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05.01.13
A quarter of all adult Americans are mentally ill
Infrequently this blog comments on social phenomenon that seem to indicate large numbers of Americans are increasingly mentally ill.
While diagnosis of mental illness in the entire population can never be achieved as an absolute, the Congressional Research Service has released a report which attempts to collate data on the matter.
One its leading summations is displayed.
It comes as little surprise that a quarter of American adults, perhaps more, are mentally ill. National conditions logically seem to predispose for it. And anecdotal evidence is manifest weekly, if not every day.
The United States, it is often said, is truly the exceptional country.
Prevalence of Mental Illness in the United States, by the Congressional Research Service, has been put on-line by Steven Aftergood at the Secrecy blog. Along with stuff about the strategic bomber force, terrorism, inflation and that global warming thing half of Congress maintains is a hoax.
04.30.13
Industry of Fear
On display in USA Today, a journalist ropes together a bunch of experts from the academy, all attached to bioterrorism studies departments that arose in the wake of 9/11.
They express varying views on both sides of the line. None of them say anything I didn’t almost a decade ago, from the critical thinking side. None have been involved in any bioterrorism cases.
It’s important to remember nothing could get into the media that counteracted the idea that bioterrorism was easy and you could just make stuff from downloading instructions from the Internet.
The J. Everett Dutschke incident has been convenient in that it shows, in an almost comically elegant manner, the badness of many of the arguments used by the national fear industry.
No one could possibly believe that such a fellow could make a WMD.
And, indeed, it took a journalism professor at Ol’ Miss, not a terror expert to put it in perspective over the weekend:
Curtis Wilke — “I’ve thought, ‘God, I wish I were still a reporter; it’d be fun to cover this story … Neither of them seems very sophisticated. Make a weapon of mass destruction from a bunch of beans????
Yet this fool’s belief has been the gospel for the last 12 years.
To which I add this wire quote, from today, for emphasis:
The 41-year-old Dutschke also made two eBay purchases in late 2012 for a total of 100 red castor beans, which can be used to make ricin …
One hundred red castor beans! Get your WMD from eBay! (Horselaugh.)
For USA Today, there’s now recognition that something is off, but no one is willing to let go of it entirely:
Homemade and improvised biological weapons, such as ricin, pose a slimmer risk to national security than the mind-set needed to carry out such attacks, security and bioterrorism experts say.
Despite the interest in ricin that was amplified by the recent letters sent to President Obama and other government officials, it is a more specialized and targeted weapon, said Joel Selanikio, a Georgetown University epidemiologist.
“Ricin is more easily produced but more difficult to distribute to large numbers of people than, say, botulinum toxin or tetanus,” Selanikio said in an e-mail. “So it has really been more of an assassin’s weapon than a mass-attack weapon.”
There have been ZERO homemade biological weapons during the war on terror. Failed attempts and wishes do not count.
There was Bruce Ivins, from the heart of the bioterror defense research establishment, and anthrax.
And there was production and sale of purified botulinum toxin to the unscrupulous by a small US private sector research laboratory whose business was dependent on the national biodefense
effort. And I examined it in great detail here.
So who profits from the idea that homemade biological weapons might be a really serious threat despite their total absense? The industry that’s set up to defend against them. And the mainstream media that profits from scary stories, as the need arises.
In 2005, well before the USA Today story, the industry of fear cranked up the idea that it might be easy to make enough homemade botulinum toxin from instructions in trivial documents and that this had the potential to fatally poison hundreds of thousands.
What the Stanford scientist who came up with mass death botulinum toxin scenario did not know at the time was that it wasn’t terrorists who were disseminating botox, it was List Labs, an an American firm just down the road from him in the Silicon Valley. And the incident I linked to above, one in which this was uncovered after a cosmetic surgery salesman administered it to himself and some friends, putting them all on the slab and on ventilators after they suffered near lethal botulism.
This is the scary clown show the US became during the war on terror. Lots of terror experts saying be afraid of this and that because it’s all so easy to do. That was the national line. Period.
In the meantime, the real world told us quite other things. It was untrustworthy professionals, highly trained in the art and science, who caused two problems.
Potent materials, such as the castor plants used to make ricin, could be siphoned and processed from nature with basic microbiology kills, said Leonard Cole, director of the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey’s Program on Terror Medicine and Security.
But others … argued that complex scientific knowledge and access to more sophisticated laboratory environments with built-in safety precautions would be necessary to carry out an attack of worrisome scale.
For the newspaper one man acknowledges that “homemade weapons” are not going to bring down the United States.
However, then the piece shows a certain lack of self-awareness:
“The psychological ramifications are hard to measure and they could be pronounced,” he said. “If you had, you know, an event and then another event, another event on a small scale… that would be more of a psychological issue – you know, loss of faith in how things are done by government, that kind of thing.”
In this sense, said Moran, terrorists achieve a sort of victory.
“That’s what the terrorists’ goal is – is just to create fear in the population and make people worried and make people change what they do,” Moran said.
But who has played one of the central roles in creating an environment in which incidents are blown out of proportion?
Who has been telling everyone, for years, that ricin is easy to make?
If anything, the story of J. Everett Dutschke tells us the opposite.
Dutschke was a strange fellow who held grudges, one who indulged one of his weird obsessions in an entirely unique way, not with the obvious aim of terrorizing a populace but with the desire to frame an acquaintance!
And it is in just the way that we can see how the industry of fear works. It twists reality around with what-ifs and hypotheticals proffered by people whose livelihoods depend either wholly or partially on the national security megaplex.
In lending so much power and influence to this structure and process, and now pardon my vulgar reference, we’ve jumped up our own assholes. It’s a dependency that is sickness, one that has done far more harm to the national reputation and character than any good.
There’s no lesson about bioterrorism and its potentials to be had from the J. Everett Dutschke episode. Only that the FBI would have been better off had it not jumped so fast on an initial arrest.
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04.25.13
The anti-science menace
The US was not always anti-science. At least not when I was growing up and being trained as a protein chemist.
Now it’s profoundly different. The party of extremists, backed by big corporate money in the fossil fuels industry, has spent years cultivating contempt for science and facts because it is necessary to protect business interests.
There have always been lots of really stupid people. However, we did not formerly put them in positions where they could paralyze thought and progress in the nation.
So we have a big pack of the most contemptible and self-serving of all fools in the guise of the Republican Party. (As well as a much smaller number of craven and contemptible Democratic politicians in red areas.)
But largely, this is a problem foisted on us by a party in lockstep, one for which the entire purpose is to destroy government, leadership and rational thought because it gets in the way of predatory business “freedom.”
It is a problem that can only be solved by their removal from power. And even then it will take decades to undo all the harm.
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04.17.13
The Ricin Kook
And you needed proof the last decade hadn’t psychologically destroyed significant parts of the United States?
Behold “bioterrorist” Paul Kevin Curtis, an absurd celebrity imitator, in the case of the picture, Hank Williams, Jr., who also sends hate mail to the president.
Can you say the magic word? I know you can. WhiteManistan. Again.
The wholly embarrassing and lousy truth of our latest homegrown eccentric shit magnet.
And — yes, yes by God — he is crazy.
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Pure ricin vs. castor powder, explained
Protein stained analytical gel electrophoresis of a pure ricin standard versus pellet from ground castor seed, submitted in a recent US case.
Bigger.
The above scan shows why no one has made pure ricin from recipes found on the net during the entire span of the war on terror. And it puts to the lie the brain dead assertion, repeated much by the media in the last 24 hours, that ricin is easy to make.
The scan is an analytical SDS gel electrophoresis of soluble pellet samples taken from a castor seed. It was produced by a government-approved lab and part of the evidence in a US ricin case. It was sent to me last year as part of a consultation for a defense lawyer.
SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a common and now old analytic tool used in protein chemistry.
Ricin is a protein.
With this procedure one can visualize proteins of interest as stained bands on a gel matrix. The above gel shows a pure ricin marker, or lab standard, in the second row from the left.
The next several lanes are taken up by the result of using the procedure on the powder from a castor seed. You will notice the big difference. The samples contain ricin and a lot of other things, at the top, bottom, in between and right next to the actual band for ricin.
Those are all contaminants consisting of other large proteins and mixes of polypeptides, some degraded, some not, in a small sample of castor powder, all a natural part of it.
The ricin recipes found on the internet do nothing but produce degreased castor powder. They do not selectively purify for ricin or, indeed, do anything that changes the basic composition of castor powder.
This is what experience in protein chemistry and biochemical preparations tells us. At least, that’s what it told me. Protein chemistry was a specialty, part of my doctoral training, and I supervised a lab course in protein preparations during the end of my span as a graduate student many years ago.
Journalists, on the other hand, have never listened to such reasoning for the last twelve years.
Relentlessly, they have built a received wisdom that ricin is easy to make. And that all one has to do is get a recipe from the internet, castor seeds, and start work.
However, during the war on terror purifying ricin has never been within the reach of those interested in it.
The only place that pure ricin has ever existed during this time is in analytical labs and research establishments funded by the US government to produce things like a ricin vaccine.
As a consequence, this junk knowledge — like many other junk knowledges — permeates US life so thoroughly it is now commonly seen in tv dramas and movies on terrorism plots and criminal endeavors.
Often they make good viewing. But they’re always all bullshit.
Castor powder, containing some ricin, does not lend itself to making a good weapon. However, castor powder can be a poison if enough of it is surreptitiously put into a serving of food.
Nevertheless, years of irresponsible journalism coupled, along with the say-so of selected “experts” in the homeland security and national security worlds, have created an environment in which it is easy to use the mention of ricin to strike fear.
And this environment is noted by others. In the US, castor bean fiddling is overwhelmingly the domain of crazy or angry white guys from the extreme right. They constitute the vast majority of arrests and convictions.
(From NBC News, a few minutes ago: “Federal agents on Wednesday arrested a suspect in the mailing of letters to President Barack Obama and a U.S. senator that initially tested positive for the poison ricin … The suspect was identified as Kenneth Curtis of Tupelo, Miss., federal officials told NBC News.” Cue the crazy/angry serial letter writer to Congress part. Points off for NBC trying to insinuate that castor powder in a letter could be a deadly inhalation hazard. No link. The latter is a new twist which shows the media and committees of reporters and editors will go through some contortions to keep the news potentially fearsome.)
Part of the castor seed interest in this demographic stems, too, from the origin of ricin recipes in the self-published Eighties literature of the neo-Nazi survivalist fringe in America.
“Popularized” in volumes like The Poor Man’s James Bond and The Poisoner’s Handbook, ricin recipes went viral, first being turned into digital documents, then spread around the world.
Others have also believed what they read in newspapers: call it America’s received wisdoms in the war on terror.
And in doing so, al Qaeda, as well as a couple of other minor players, have for years shown wishful interest in the same recipes and castor seed fiddling. But no one has been able to fashion a ricin weapon.
In America, when you’re arrested with castor seeds and a ricin recipe, you go to jail.
The other feature of ricin-tainted letter mailing shows the lack of expertise, in a laughable way, of those always involved.
Ricin isn’t a contact poison.
However, it does get the attention of all and a long stay in the custody of the state.
Ricin is a deadly poison and fairly easy to make, but it’s a crude and clumsy weapon, according to bioterror experts.
A letter sent to President Barack Obama tested positive for ricin, officials said Wednesday, and it was sent by the same person who mailed a letter that tested positive for the poison to Mississippi Sen. Roger Wicker. — NBC News, today
“Bioterror experts” and NBC, thanks.
From yesterday.
From the inimitable Ricin Kooks archive.
Another case in point, from ABC News. In this instance, the chosen scientist repeats the easy-to-make recipes from the Internet meme, then comments on the consequences of the received wisdom he’s just passed on:
“[Clements] said ricin is relatively simple for a chemist to make in small amounts, considering crude instructions are available on the internet …
“Think weapon of mass disruption rather than weapon of mass destruction,” he said. “You don’t need to kill a lot of people to scare a population. In that case, you don’t need sophisticated delivery and dispersal systems, just a press and politicians more interested in spreading fear than information.”
The man also delivers comment on ricin weaponized as an inhaled weapon, which no one has ever done during the war on terror. Indeed,
the only things testing the toxicity of inhaled pure ricin are lab animals sacrificed during the now decade-long effort to develop a ricin vaccine.
Number of cases recovering purified ricin during the war on terror: 0
Number of deaths from ricin used in terror plots: 0
Number of men arrested in the US, for messing with castor seeds: about a dozen, one of them recently deceased.
From “The American way of bioterror — an A-Z of ricin crackpots,” published at the Register in 2008:
It takes a special kind of American to be fascinated by ricin, and last week the latest, Roger Von Bergendorff, was indicted in the District Court of Nevada. Bergendorff possibly qualifies for an award in failed Darwinism, being the only person in recent times to have seemingly accidentally poisoned himself with the protein toxin, but not quite effectively enough for the FBI to have nothing to do except attend his funeral.
The US government’s complaint against Bergendorff, filed on April 15 paints a common picture: loser dude on the fringes of society, indigent but with still enough money to have two unregistered guns with silencers, castor seeds, a standard collection of anarchist poisons literature and castor powder – or “crude” ricin as the FBI puts it.
Bergendorff told the FBI his production of ricin was an “exotic idea” …
The ricin perps of the past few years are not the Hollywood picture of evil. There is no Anton Chigurh – the psychopathic assassin who storms through Texas in the movie “No Country for Old Men” armed with a sniper rifle and a pneumatic hand-held piston for smashing skulls – among them. They’re a gallery of weirdoes, some of them dangerous in an inept manner, but generally more hazardous to themselves. Not to put too fine a point on it, they’re damaged goods, and one can say from experience that, contrary to Bergendorff’s hazy assertion, making ricin from castor seeds is not an “exotic idea” but a tiresome one. It’s common and banal, attractive only to lonely nuts, obsessed self-styled outdoorsmen, stupid as well as crazy gun collectors and incompetent criminals. Since 9/11, every complaint involving ricin has received national recognition, averaging a couple incidents a year. No fatalities have resulted …
A self-defeating and nihilistic interest exists in the poison, as if every red-blooded, disappointed and frustrated American kook has a defiant right to possess a recipe on their hard disk and a packet of castor seeds nearby, perhaps next to an unregistered handgun equipped with a silencer made out of a vegetable. This ensures a constant trickle of criminal apprehensions and prosecutions, a process the government handles efficiently, depositing ricin crackpots where they belong. Bergendorff, like everyone else before him, is headed for prison for an indefinite period, a just sentence when considering that, unintentionally or not, the ricin crackpot’s major contribution is to frighten the locals when the gendarmes and hazmat teams descend on the neighborhood …
More resources, by me during the war on terror, at GlobalSecurity.Org:
The Recipe for Ricin: Examining the legend
UK Ricin Ring Trial finds no terror.
More on the London ricin trial.
Playtime recipes for poisons: The actual recipes from the London ricin trial.
al Qaeda and alleged ricin bomb-making in Yemen — another study in faulty understanding.
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